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| - Two new species and one new morphotype of the genus Cricotopus v. d. Wulp, 1874 (Cricotopus subgenus, tremulus-group) are described based on associated pharate adults material and pupal exuviae collected in helocrenes and pristine cold stenothermic streams located in the Tyrrhenian sub-region including South Eastern, South Western France and Corsica. The first new species, C. mantetanus sp. n. is exclusively confined to the upper basin of the siliceous high mountain Soques and Alemany stream (Mantet Nature Reserve, Eastern Pyrenees, alt. 1600-2000 m). The second, C. royanus sp. n., occurs in the upper and middle basins of the karstic Roya River including its tributaries (Mercantour National Park, Maritime Alps, alt. 350-1600 m). The new morphotype, C. sp. 1, is collected in the upper basin of the Canaglia stream (central Corsica, alt. 1350 m), a siliceous cold pristine and stenothermic tributary of the Gravona River. An additional second new morphotype (C. sp. 2) is occurring in the rhithral of some streams located in the northern part of the Roya River basin: Casterino stream (upper and middle basin, alt. 1300-1600 m). The latter new morphotype C. sp. 2 keys near C. mantetanus sp. n. and C. tremulus (Linnaeus, 1758). It is not described in this paper. The immature stages of Cricotopus (Cricotopus subgenus) are phytophagous to algae feeder occurring in all types of freshwater habitats but mainly and more commonly in flowing water. Those of the two new species and the new morphotype are exclusively rheobiontic and crenophilous being encountered in lotic habitats located in high to middle mountain streams. Habitats where the larvae were obtained are enriched with rocks and stones which are densely covered by microalgae (Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Cyanophyceae) and occasionally by the red algae Hildenbrundia rivularis) when water is calcareous. The tremulus-group comprises hitherto six valid species including: C. nevadensis Casas & Vilchez-Quero, 1992 (only known from Spain and Portugal); C. leleji Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2016 and C. storozhenkoi Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2016 (recently described from the Russian Far East); C. tremulus; C. mantetanus sp. n. and C. royanus sp. n. Geographical distribution of the two new species is restricted to the continental Province of the Tyrrhenian Region: C. mantetanus sp. n., is confined to the siliceous Soques and Alemany streams located in the Eastern Pyrenees (crystalline water, Nature Reserve of Mantet, S-France); C. royanus sp. n., is only known from the upper and middle basins of the Roya River and its tributaries which are located in the Maritime Alps (calcareous water, Mercantour National Park, S-E France). This highlights the importance of some high mountain range, considered as cold enclaves in the preservation and persistence of autochthonous glacial relic species, which are considered as biogeographic representative and biological indicators of the global warming and climate change. Taxonomic remarks on some related species, discussion and comments on the ecology, conservation and geographical distribution of the new species are given.
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| bibo:abstract
| - Two new species and one new morphotype of the genus Cricotopus v. d. Wulp, 1874 (Cricotopus subgenus, tremulus-group) are described based on associated pharate adults material and pupal exuviae collected in helocrenes and pristine cold stenothermic streams located in the Tyrrhenian sub-region including South Eastern, South Western France and Corsica. The first new species, C. mantetanus sp. n. is exclusively confined to the upper basin of the siliceous high mountain Soques and Alemany stream (Mantet Nature Reserve, Eastern Pyrenees, alt. 1600-2000 m). The second, C. royanus sp. n., occurs in the upper and middle basins of the karstic Roya River including its tributaries (Mercantour National Park, Maritime Alps, alt. 350-1600 m). The new morphotype, C. sp. 1, is collected in the upper basin of the Canaglia stream (central Corsica, alt. 1350 m), a siliceous cold pristine and stenothermic tributary of the Gravona River. An additional second new morphotype (C. sp. 2) is occurring in the rhithral of some streams located in the northern part of the Roya River basin: Casterino stream (upper and middle basin, alt. 1300-1600 m). The latter new morphotype C. sp. 2 keys near C. mantetanus sp. n. and C. tremulus (Linnaeus, 1758). It is not described in this paper. The immature stages of Cricotopus (Cricotopus subgenus) are phytophagous to algae feeder occurring in all types of freshwater habitats but mainly and more commonly in flowing water. Those of the two new species and the new morphotype are exclusively rheobiontic and crenophilous being encountered in lotic habitats located in high to middle mountain streams. Habitats where the larvae were obtained are enriched with rocks and stones which are densely covered by microalgae (Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Cyanophyceae) and occasionally by the red algae Hildenbrundia rivularis) when water is calcareous. The tremulus-group comprises hitherto six valid species including: C. nevadensis Casas & Vilchez-Quero, 1992 (only known from Spain and Portugal); C. leleji Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2016 and C. storozhenkoi Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2016 (recently described from the Russian Far East); C. tremulus; C. mantetanus sp. n. and C. royanus sp. n. Geographical distribution of the two new species is restricted to the continental Province of the Tyrrhenian Region: C. mantetanus sp. n., is confined to the siliceous Soques and Alemany streams located in the Eastern Pyrenees (crystalline water, Nature Reserve of Mantet, S-France); C. royanus sp. n., is only known from the upper and middle basins of the Roya River and its tributaries which are located in the Maritime Alps (calcareous water, Mercantour National Park, S-E France). This highlights the importance of some high mountain range, considered as cold enclaves in the preservation and persistence of autochthonous glacial relic species, which are considered as biogeographic representative and biological indicators of the global warming and climate change. Taxonomic remarks on some related species, discussion and comments on the ecology, conservation and geographical distribution of the new species are given.
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| dct:bibliographicCitation
| - Moubayed-Breil, J. 2016. On the genus <em>Cricotopus </em>v. d. Wulp, 1874 (<em>tremulus</em>-group) from continental France and Corsica with description of <em>C. mantetanus</em> sp. n. and <em>C. royanus</em> sp. n. [Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae]. <em>Ephemera</em>, 17(2): 71-104.
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