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n3:245760

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bibo:Document schema:CreativeWork

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Elvebakk <i>et al.</i> (2016)

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schema:datePublished

2016-01-01

dct:title

Elvebakk <i>et al.</i> (2016)

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n9:S0024282915000328

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_:vb70018234

dct:abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Reports of ‘<jats:italic>Psoroma sphinctrinum</jats:italic>’ from Palaeotropical areas are shown to represent instead species of the genus <jats:italic>Gibbosporina,</jats:italic> which is described here as new to science. This genus is superficially similar to tripartite, austral <jats:italic>Pannaria</jats:italic> species, such as the species now referred to as <jats:italic>Pannaria sphinctrina</jats:italic> (Mont.) Tuck. ex Hue. A phylogram based on an analysis of the nuclear large subunit rDNA (LSU) locus shows that <jats:italic>Gibbosporina</jats:italic> is instead a clade in a <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic> branch referred to as the ‘<jats:italic>Physma</jats:italic> group’, a most unexpected addition to <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic> dealt with by several previous studies. Genera assigned to this group have very contrasting general appearances. However, this diverse group shares distinctly ring-like thalline excipular margins; strongly amyloid internal ascus structures; well-developed perispores which have irregular gibbae and/or nodulose or acuminate apical extensions, but not verrucae; lacks TLC-detectable secondary compounds and have tropical distributions. <jats:italic>Gibbosporina</jats:italic> is the only tripartite genus in the group, with distinct, nodulose, placodioid, mini-fruticose to mini-foliose cephalodia with a high diversity of <jats:italic>Nostoc</jats:italic> cyanobionts. The cyanomorphs can apparently exist independently in some cases, although the apothecia on such cephalodia on a specimen from Réunion were unexpectedly found to belong to the chloromorph. The genus and related genera forming the ‘<jats:italic>Physma</jats:italic> group’ are probably evolutionarily old, and their weak affinity to the remaining part of <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic>, concentrated in the Southern Hemisphere, is discussed. The genus includes 13 known species, and the generitype is <jats:italic>Gibbosporina boninensis</jats:italic> from the Japanese Ogasawara Islands, originally described as <jats:italic>Psoroma boninense</jats:italic> and recombined here. The following 12 species are described here as new to science, seven of them with molecular support in an LSU and ITS-based phylogram: <jats:italic>Gibbosporina acuminata</jats:italic> (Australia, the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. amphorella</jats:italic> (New Caledonia), <jats:italic>G. bifrons</jats:italic> (Malaysia, New Caledonia, the Philippines, Solomon Islands), <jats:italic>G. didyma</jats:italic> (Mauritius, Réunion), <jats:italic>G. elixii</jats:italic> (Australia), <jats:italic>G. leptospora</jats:italic> (Australia, Papua New Guinea), <jats:italic>G. nitida</jats:italic> (Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. mascarena</jats:italic> (Mauritius, Réunion, Sri Lanka), <jats:italic>G. papillospora</jats:italic> (the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. phyllidiata</jats:italic> (Solomon Islands), <jats:italic>G. sphaerospora</jats:italic> (Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Samoa, and with <jats:italic>Psoroma sphinctrinum</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>endoxanthellum</jats:italic> as a new synonym), and <jats:italic>G. thamnophora</jats:italic> (Australia and the Philippines). Except for the phyllidiate <jats:italic>G. phyllidiata</jats:italic> and for <jats:italic>G. thamnophora</jats:italic> which has cephalodia adapted for vegetative propagation, the species are all primarily fertile. A key for determining the species is provided.</jats:p>

bibo:abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Reports of ‘<jats:italic>Psoroma sphinctrinum</jats:italic>’ from Palaeotropical areas are shown to represent instead species of the genus <jats:italic>Gibbosporina,</jats:italic> which is described here as new to science. This genus is superficially similar to tripartite, austral <jats:italic>Pannaria</jats:italic> species, such as the species now referred to as <jats:italic>Pannaria sphinctrina</jats:italic> (Mont.) Tuck. ex Hue. A phylogram based on an analysis of the nuclear large subunit rDNA (LSU) locus shows that <jats:italic>Gibbosporina</jats:italic> is instead a clade in a <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic> branch referred to as the ‘<jats:italic>Physma</jats:italic> group’, a most unexpected addition to <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic> dealt with by several previous studies. Genera assigned to this group have very contrasting general appearances. However, this diverse group shares distinctly ring-like thalline excipular margins; strongly amyloid internal ascus structures; well-developed perispores which have irregular gibbae and/or nodulose or acuminate apical extensions, but not verrucae; lacks TLC-detectable secondary compounds and have tropical distributions. <jats:italic>Gibbosporina</jats:italic> is the only tripartite genus in the group, with distinct, nodulose, placodioid, mini-fruticose to mini-foliose cephalodia with a high diversity of <jats:italic>Nostoc</jats:italic> cyanobionts. The cyanomorphs can apparently exist independently in some cases, although the apothecia on such cephalodia on a specimen from Réunion were unexpectedly found to belong to the chloromorph. The genus and related genera forming the ‘<jats:italic>Physma</jats:italic> group’ are probably evolutionarily old, and their weak affinity to the remaining part of <jats:italic>Pannariaceae</jats:italic>, concentrated in the Southern Hemisphere, is discussed. The genus includes 13 known species, and the generitype is <jats:italic>Gibbosporina boninensis</jats:italic> from the Japanese Ogasawara Islands, originally described as <jats:italic>Psoroma boninense</jats:italic> and recombined here. The following 12 species are described here as new to science, seven of them with molecular support in an LSU and ITS-based phylogram: <jats:italic>Gibbosporina acuminata</jats:italic> (Australia, the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. amphorella</jats:italic> (New Caledonia), <jats:italic>G. bifrons</jats:italic> (Malaysia, New Caledonia, the Philippines, Solomon Islands), <jats:italic>G. didyma</jats:italic> (Mauritius, Réunion), <jats:italic>G. elixii</jats:italic> (Australia), <jats:italic>G. leptospora</jats:italic> (Australia, Papua New Guinea), <jats:italic>G. nitida</jats:italic> (Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. mascarena</jats:italic> (Mauritius, Réunion, Sri Lanka), <jats:italic>G. papillospora</jats:italic> (the Philippines), <jats:italic>G. phyllidiata</jats:italic> (Solomon Islands), <jats:italic>G. sphaerospora</jats:italic> (Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Samoa, and with <jats:italic>Psoroma sphinctrinum</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>endoxanthellum</jats:italic> as a new synonym), and <jats:italic>G. thamnophora</jats:italic> (Australia and the Philippines). Except for the phyllidiate <jats:italic>G. phyllidiata</jats:italic> and for <jats:italic>G. thamnophora</jats:italic> which has cephalodia adapted for vegetative propagation, the species are all primarily fertile. A key for determining the species is provided.</jats:p>

dct:issued

2016-01-01

dct:bibliographicCitation

Elvebakk, A., Hong, S., Park, C., Robertsen, E. &amp; Jørgensen, P. 2016. Gibbosporina, a new genus for foliose and tripartite, Palaeotropic Pannariaceae species previously assigned to Psoroma <em>The Lichenologist</em>, 48(01): 13-52.

bibo:doi

10.1017/S0024282915000328

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n9:S0024282915000328

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_:vb70018234

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n5:P356

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10.1017/S0024282915000328